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Ms. McDaniel has rejected that reading of the resolution, and on Tuesday a spokeswoman said: “The R.N.C. has repeatedly condemned all acts of political violence and lawlessness, including what occurred on Jan. 6. Unfortunately, this committee has gone well beyond the scope of the events of that day, and is why the R.N.C. overwhelmingly passed a resolution censuring Liz Cheney and Adam Kinzinger.”

Several members of the committee assert that when the censure mentioned “ordinary citizens” and “legitimate political discourse,” it was referring to people like Kathy Berden, a Republican committee member from Michigan who put herself on a fake slate of electors for Mr. Trump. Joseph R. Biden Jr. won the state by more than 154,000 votes, or nearly 3 percentage points.

Republican National Committee members portray Ms. Berden as an innocent victim of an overzealous investigation, noting that she is elderly and a widow. The Jan. 6 committee subpoenaed Ms. Berden last month as part of an effort to find out who orchestrated the drive to put forward false electors in several states that Mr. Biden won, a potential crime.

Over time, as Mr. Trump has strengthened his grip on the party, more Republicans have become convinced that he was not culpable for the violence. The nonpartisan Pew Research Center, in new polling released on Tuesday, found that fewer Americans, 43 percent, now say Mr. Trump bears a lot of responsibility for the attack than a year ago, when 52 percent said he did. About 32 percent of adults now say Mr. Trump bears no responsibility at all for the mayhem, up from 24 percent. Only 10 percent of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents say the former president bears a lot of responsibility, down from 18 percent a year ago.

On Capitol Hill, there is little appetite among Republicans for talking about the riot. House Republicans emerged from a closed-door meeting on Tuesday morning with a clear message: The party should focus on ensuring that Ms. Cheney, of Wyoming, does not win re-election in November. (Mr. Kinzinger, of Illinois, has already announced his retirement.)