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The Democratic Party had its own motives for joining Five Star. Those included stopping Mr. Salvini, draining Five Star of their protest appeal and giving their leadership time to build their support before scheduled elections in 2023, or for however long their alliance lasted.

Earlier in the day, Nicola Zingaretti, the leader of the Democratic Party, also informed the Italian president that his party had reached an agreement with Five Star.

“We have accepted the proposal of the Five Star Movement, as they are the relative majority, to name the prime minister,” he said. He rejected the notion that Democrats were merely subbing in for the League and said the new government would mark a major change of direction for Italy.

“We intend to put an end to the season of hatred, rancor and fear,” he said, in a clear poke at Mr. Salvini’s politics.

For some advocates of the European establishment, that was welcomed news.

“Things would surely change for Italy and Europe,” said Stefano Stefanini, Italy’s former representative for NATO, who said that the influence of the Democratic Party would likely bring relations with Brussels, France and Germany, all of which the outgoing Italian government antagonized, “back to normality.”

But the coalition between Italy’s largest center-left establishment party and Five Star, the protest movement born to burn it down, was far from a normal arrangement.

In many ways the new coalition has less in common than did Five Star and the League, which shared a scorn for expertise, the elites and globalization.