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“The deployment of unnamed special secret agents onto our streets to detain people without cause and to effectively take away their civil rights and civil liberties without due process — that is not going to happen in Chicago,” she said.

Most cities have experienced a drop in crime during the coronavirus pandemic — people staying at home meant fewer opportunities for assaults, rapes, domestic burglaries and other violence, according to criminologists. At the same time, homicides and shootings were up in numerous cities and began to rise during the summer, traditionally the peak crime season because people are outdoors for longer and boil over more readily in the heat.

The sharp rise in shootings in major cities like Chicago and New York have captured most of the attention, but the pattern has been repeated in many cities across the United States, including those run by Republican mayors — a point that Trump administration officials usually do not mention. Jacksonville, Fla., the site of the Republican National Convention next month, is experiencing one of its most lethal years in decades, with more than 100 homicides as of last Monday, according to the Jacksonville Sheriff’s Department. Fort Worth, Texas, has had 51 murders this year compared with 36 at this time last year, its Police Department said.

While some of the largest American cities are on track to hit higher numbers this year than they have in decades, criminologists also say that murder rates and other violent crimes are significantly lower now than they were in the early 1990s.

Raven Smith, a 21-year-old Chicago native who started a clothing line, Straight From the Go, to promote a positive image of her hometown, said she welcomed anything that might help her city battle its violence. But she said that if Mr. Trump really wanted to make an impact, he would be better off coming to town and speaking with community leaders.

“Maybe coming to Chicago and talking to Chicago leaders about things we can do to change the narrative, not just like, ‘Oh, we’re going to send the troops there,’” she said. “I think we need to fix the actual root of the problem.”

Neil MacFarquhar and John Eligon contributed reporting.